Hi Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis

Hi "Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis"

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Report by Chapters 

Technical Summary

1. Introduction
2. Observations: Atmosphere and Surface
3. Observations: Ocean
4. Observations: Cryosphere
5. Information from Paleoclimate Archives
6. Carbon and Other Biogeochemical Cycles
7. Clouds and Aerosols
8. Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing
9. Evaluation of Climate Models
10. Detection and Attribution of Climate Change: from Global to Regional
11. Near-term Climate Change: Projections and Predictability
12. Long-term Climate Change: Projections, Commitments and Irreversibility
13. Sea Level Change
14. Climate Phenomena and their Relevance for Future Regional Climate Change

Annex I: Atlas of Global and Regional Climate Projections
Annex II: Climate System Scenario Tables
Annex III: Glossary
Annex IV: Acronyms
Annex V: Contributors to the WGI Fifth Assessment Report
Annex VI: Expert Reviewers of the WGI Fifth Assessment Report

Changes to the Underlying Scientific/Technical Assessment (IPCC-XXVI/Doc.4)
List of Substantive Edits (interim document, 30 January 2014) 

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Climate Change 2013: the Physical Science Basis was approved on Friday by member governments of the IPCC in Stockholm, Sweden.

Below are excerpts from the Summary for Policymakers.

• Human influence on the climate system is clear.
• Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia.
• The atmosphere and ocean have warmed, the amounts of snow and ice have diminished, sea level has risen, and the concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased.
• Ocean warming dominates the increase in energy stored in the climate system, accounting for more than 90% of the energy accumulated between 1971 and 2010.
• The rate of sea level rise since the mid-19th century has been larger than the mean rate during the previous two millennia.
• Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and nitrous oxide have increased to levels unprecedented in at least the last 800,000 years. CO2 concentrations have increased by 40% since pre-industrial times.
• Changes in the global water cycle in response to the warming over the 21st century will not be uniform.
• Most aspects of climate change will persist for many centuries even if emissions of CO2 are stopped.
• The ocean has absorbed about 30% of the emitted anthropogenic carbon dioxide, causing ocean acidification.